Selokhu kwaqala ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-2 edlule, ama-N95 respirators adlale indima ebalulekile emishinini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu (i-PPE) yabasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo emhlabeni jikelele.
Ucwaningo lwango-1998 lwabonisa ukuthi i-National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) egunyazwe imaski engu-N95 ikwazile ukuhlunga amaphesenti angama-95 ezinhlayiya ezihamba emoyeni, nakuba ingazange ilibone leli gciwane. imaski inquma ikhono layo lokuhlunga izinhlayiya ezihamba emoyeni.
Manje, ithimba labacwaningi abavela eNyuvesi yaseMonash e-Australia lithi imaski ehlolelwe i-N95 ehlanganiswe nohlelo oluphathwayo lokuhlunga lwe-HEPA inikeza isivikelo esingcono kakhulu ezinhlayiyeni zegciwane elihamba emoyeni.
Ngokusho kombhali oholayo uDkt Simon Joosten, iMonash University Monash Health Medicine Senior Research Fellow kanye neMonash Health Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Physician, lolu cwaningo belunezinjongo ezimbili eziyinhloko.
Esokuqala “ukubala izinga abantu abangcoliswe ngalo ama-aerosols anegciwane ngenkathi begqoke izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaski kanye nezihlangu zobuso, imijiva namagilavu”.
Ocwaningweni, ithimba lilinganise ukuvikelwa okunikezwa imaski yokuhlinza, imaski ye-N95, kanye nemaski e-N95 ahlolwe afanelekile.
Amamaski okuhlinzwa alahlwayo avikela owagqokile kumaconsi amakhulu. Futhi asiza ukuvikela isiguli ekuphefumuleni kwalowo ogqokile.
Imaski ye-N95 ilingana ubuso kangcono kunamaski okuhlinzwa.Isiza ukuvikela ogqokile ukuthi angaphefumuli izinhlayiya ezincane ze-aerosol ezitholakala emoyeni, njengamagciwane.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukwakheka kobuso bawo wonke umuntu kuhlukile, akubona bonke osayizi nezinhlobo zamamaski e-N95 ezifanele wonke umuntu.I-US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) inikeza uhlelo lokuhlola olufanele lapho abaqashi besiza abasebenzi babo ukuthi banqume ukuthi imaphi imaski ye-N95 enikeza isivikelo esikhulu.
Imaski ehlolwe ilingane i-N95 kufanele ilingane kahle, ekugcineni inikeze “uphawu” phakathi komphetho wemaski nobuso bomuntu owugqokile.
UDkt. Joosten utshele i-MNT ukuthi ngaphezu kokuhlola imaski ehlukene, ithimba lalifuna ukunquma ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezihlungi eziphathwayo ze-HEPA zingathuthukisa yini izinzuzo zemishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu ukuze kuvikelwe ogqokile ekungcolisweni kwe-aerosol yegciwane.
Izihlungi ze-High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) zisusa u-99.97% wanoma yiziphi izinhlayiya ezihamba emoyeni ezingama-microns angu-0.3 ngosayizi.
Ocwaningweni, uDkt. Joosten nethimba lakhe babeke umsebenzi wezempilo, naye owabamba iqhaza ekusetheni ukuhlolwa, egumbini lomtholampilo elivaliwe imizuzu engu-40.
Ngenkathi besegumbini, ababambiqhaza bebegqoke i-PPE, okuhlanganisa amagilavu, ingubo, isihlangu sobuso, kanye nolunye lwezinhlobo ezintathu zamamaski—okuhlinzwa, i-N95, noma i-N95 ehlolwe ukuthi ifanelekile. I-PPE, futhi abazange bagqoke imaski.
Abacwaningi badalula abasebenzi bezempilo enguqulweni ye-nebulised ye-phage PhiX174, igciwane eliyimodeli engenangozi elisetshenziswa ekuhloleni ngenxa ye-genome yayo encane.Abacwaningi base bephinda ukuhlola ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokuhlunga lwe-HEPA oluphathwayo ekamelweni lomtholampilo elivaliwe.
Ngemva kokuhlola ngakunye, abacwaningi bathatha ama-swabs esikhumba ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene emzimbeni wesisebenzi sezempilo, kuhlanganise nesikhumba esingaphansi kwemaski, ingaphakathi lekhala, nesikhumba esiphongweni, entanyeni nasebunzini.Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa izikhathi ezingu-5 ngaphezu kwe-5 izinsuku.
Ngemva kokuhlaziya imiphumela, uDkt. Joosten nethimba lakhe bathola ukuthi lapho abasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo begqoka imaski yokuhlinza namamaski e-N95, babenenani elikhulu laleli gciwane ebusweni nasemakhaleni abo. zazigqokile.
Ukwengeza, ithimba lithole ukuthi inhlanganisela yeUkuhlunga kwe-HEPA, imaski ye-N95 ehlolwe ifanelekile, amagilavu, izingubo zokugqoka kanye nezihlangu zobuso kwehlise inani legciwane lafinyelela kumazinga acishe abe nguziro.
UDkt. Joosten ukholelwa ukuthi imiphumela yalolu cwaningo isiza ukuqinisekisa ukubaluleka kokuhlanganisa ama-respirator e-N95 ahlolwe afaneleka kanye nokuhlunga kwe-HEPA kwabasebenzi bezempilo.
"Kubonisa ukuthi uma kuhlanganiswe nesihlungi se-HEPA (i-13 air filter exchanges ngehora), ukudlula ukuhlolwa kwe-N95's fit kungavikela inani elikhulu lama-aerosols wegciwane," echaza.
"[Futhi] kukhombisa ukuthi indlela ehlelekile yokuvikela abasebenzi bezempilo ibalulekile nokuthi ukuhlunga kwe-HEPA kungathuthukisa ukuvikeleka kwabasebenzi bezempilo kulezi zilungiselelo."
I-MNT iphinde yakhuluma noDkt. Fady Youssef, udokotela wamaphaphu oqinisekisiwe, udokotela kanye nochwepheshe bokunakekelwa okubucayi e-MemorialCare Long Beach Medical Centre e-Long Beach, eCalifornia, mayelana nalolu cwaningo.Uthe ucwaningo luqinisekisa ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa kokuqina.
“Izinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nezinhlobo zamamaski e-N95 zidinga ukuhlolwa kwazo okukhethekile - azilingani zonke,” kuchaza uDkt. Youssef.” Imaski yinhle njengoba ilingana ebusweni.Uma ugqoke isifihla-buso esingakulingani, kwenza okuncane ukukuvikela.”
Mayelana nokwengezwa kweukuhlunga okuphathekayo kwe-HEPA, uDkt. Youssef uthe lapho amasu amabili okunciphisa esebenza ndawonye, kunengqondo ukuthi kuzoba nokubambisana okukhulu kanye nomphumela omkhulu.
“[Yengeza] ubufakazi obengeziwe […] ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kunezingqimba eziningi zamasu okunciphisa ukunakekela iziguli ezinezifo ezibangelwa umoya ukuze kuncishiswe futhi ngethemba lokuqeda ukuchayeka kubasebenzi bezempilo abazinakekelayo,” wengeza.
Ososayensi basebenzise ukubonwa kwe-laser ukuhlola ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwesihlangu sobuso esenziwe ekhaya olungcono kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukudluliswa kokuphefumula okuhamba komoya…
Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-COVID-19 umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela okomile kanye nokuphelelwa umoya.Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinye izimpawu nemiphumela elindelekile lapha.
Amagciwane atholakala yonke indawo, futhi angathelela noma iyiphi into ephilayo.Lapha, funda kabanzi mayelana namagciwane, ukuthi asebenza kanjani, nokuthi angavikeleka kanjani.
Amagciwane anjenge-coronavirus yenoveli athathelwana kakhulu, kepha kunezinyathelo eziningi izikhungo nabantu abangazithatha ukunciphisa ukusabalala kwalawa magciwane.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-21-2022