Ngomhla ziyi-17 kuMfumfu wezi-2013, i-International Agency for Research on Cancer, insizakalo ye-World Health Organization, yakhipha umbiko okokuqala ngqa ukuthi ukungcoliswa komoya kubangela umdlavuza kubantu, futhi into eyinhloko yokunukubezeka komoya iwudaba oluthile.
Emvelweni, izinhlayiya ezisemoyeni ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa isihlabathi nothuli olulethwa umoya, umlotha wentaba-mlilo okhishwa ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo, intuthu nothuli olubangelwa ukusha kwehlathi, usawoti wasolwandle ohwamuka emanzini olwandle achayeke elangeni, kanye nempova yezitshalo.
Ngokuthuthuka komphakathi wesintu kanye nokwanda kwezimboni, imisebenzi yabantu iphinde ikhiphe inani elikhulu lezinhlayiya emoyeni, ezifana nensimu evela ezinqubweni ezehlukene zezimboni ezifana nokuphehla ugesi, i-metallurgy, i-petroleum, nekhemistri, intuthu yokupheka, intuthu ephuma kugesi. izimoto, ugwayi njll.
Izinhlayiya ezisemoyeni zidinga ukunakekelwa kakhulu mayelana nezinhlayiyana eziphefumulayo, ezibhekisela endabeni ene-aerodynamic elingana nobubanzi obungaphansi kuka-10 μm, okuyi-PM10 esivame ukuzwa ngayo, futhi i-PM2.5 ingaphansi kuka-2.5 μm .
Lapho umoya ungena emgudwini wokuphefumula womuntu, uboya bamakhala kanye nolwelwesi lwamakhala ngokuvamile lungavimba iningi lezinhlayiya, kodwa lezo ezingaphansi kwe-PM10 azikwazi.I-PM10 inganqwabelana epheshaneni eliphezulu lokuphefumula, kuyilapho i-PM2.5 ingangena ngokuqondile kuma-bronchioles kanye ne-alveoli.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane kanye nendawo ethile enkulu engaphezulu, izinhlayiya zingase zikhangise ezinye izinto, ngakho-ke izimbangela ze-pathogenesis yazo ziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kungabangela isifo senhliziyo, isifo sokuphefumula kanye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
I-PM2.5, esivame ukuyikhathalela, empeleni ibangela ingxenye encane yezinhlayiya eziphefumulayo, kodwa kungani sinake kakhulu i-PM2.5?
Kunjalo, enye ingenxa yokumenyezelwa kwabezindaba, kanti enye iwukuthi i-PM2.5 icolekile futhi kulula ukumunca ukungcola kwezinto eziphilayo nezinsimbi ezisindayo njengama-polycyclic aromatics hydrocarbons, okwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuba ne-carcinogenic, teratogenic, ne-mutagenic.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-16-2022